I made some modifications to the note for clarity. The memory hierarchy design in a computer system mainly includes different storage devices. Computer memory is broadly divided into two groups and they are: Primary memory and; Secondary memory Paging technique plays an important role in implementing virtual memory. A virtual memory system provides a mechanism for translating program-generated addresses into correct main memory locations. It provides excellent performance and value. In general, the storage of memory can be classified into two categories such as volatile as well as non- volatile. August 21, 2008 6 Importance of Technology New technologies not only provide greater speed, size and reliability at lower cost, but more importantly these dictate the kinds of structures that can be considered and thus come to shape our whole view of what a computer is. The term ÒflashÓ was chosen because a large chunk of memory could be erased at one time. —e.g. Basic Computer Architecture CSCE 496/896: Embedded Systems Witawas Srisa-an Review of Computer Architecture Credit: Most of the slides are made by Prof. Wayne Wolf who is the author of the textbook. Internal Memory Computer Organization and Architecture Semiconductor main memory • Early computers used doughnut shaped ferromagnetic loops called cores for each bit • Main memory was often referred to as “core” memory or just “core” • Term persists: e.g. The memory unit stores the binary information in the form of bits. A memory unit is the collection of storage units or devices together. VEER SURENDRA SAI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, BURLA, ODISHA Lecture notes of BCS-203 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION (3-1-0 ) Text Books: 1. Advancing software technology allowed programming to move to the assembly language level and, denser and faster, the number of registers and the complexity of the instruction sets were increased. —e.g. Architecture & Organization 1 •Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer —Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. Download Computer Memory PPT | PDF | Presentation: Memory is an internal storage area in a computer, which is availed to store data and programs either permanently or temporarily. Memory Hierarchy in Computer Architecture. Computer Organization , Hamacher, TMH 2. Bell & Newell AMD : The AMD computer processor is exclusively made by Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD). Generally, memory/storage is classified into 2 categories: Volatile Memory: This loses its … Computer System Architecture, Morris Mano, PHI Reference Books: 1. Its latest and most popular models include Intel hyper thread technology that speed up processor speed . Computer Architecture & Organization, William Stallings, Pearson Prerequisite 1. A memory element is the set of storage devices which stores the binary data in the type of bits. Flash memory technology is today a mature technology. It is compatible with most off-the-shelf computer programs and applications. computer architecture, mid-2000s onward. •Organization is how features are implemented —Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. Is there a multiply instruction? Flash memory technology is a mix of EPROM and EEPROM technologies. Knowledge of digital circuit 2. In the late l950's and early l960's, the gap was wide enough between memory technologies and eventually, to high-level procedural languages. The name, therefore, dis-tinguishes flash devices from EEPROMs, where each byte is erased individually. Memory Organization in Computer Architecture. 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